ABSTRACT
Objective: This parallel, randomized, examiner-blind clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two different toothbrushes (manual and sonic) on plaque control in adolescents. Material and Methods: This study enrolled 56 volunteers, randomly allocated to two different groups: group A (n = 28) for the manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 Ultra Soft®) and group B (n = 28) for the sonic toothbrush (Edel White®). Mean age was 17.2 ± 1.1 years. A calibrated periodontist performed a periodontal evaluation to assess the presence of plaque with the Turesky Modification of the Quigley Hein Plaque Index (PI) and the gingival inflammation with the Silness & Löe Gingival Index (GI). Adolescents received instructions about the mechanical control of plaque at baseline (T0), with a reexamination after 3 months (T1) and 6 months (T2). Non-parametric Mann Whitney test was used to compare the differences between the two toothbrush groups and the Friedman test was used for the comparisons between times. Results: There has been PI reduction concerning the study times (T0, T1 and T2, p<0.05), but not between the groups A and B (p>0.05). As for GI there has been no significant difference between the groups and between the study times (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both toothbrushes were efficient in the control of supragingival plaque (visible biofilm).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Periodontal Diseases/diagnosis , Toothbrushing/methods , Randomized Controlled Trial , Dental Devices, Home Care , Dental Plaque/etiology , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adolescent , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
Objective: To find out the effectiveness of specially made brushes with special grips for use by groups of ischemic stroke sufferers for oral hygiene. Material and Methods: A sample of 30 stroke patients were taken at the Makassar Stroke Center, Indonesia, with criteria for extreme hemisphere ischemic stroke patients and willing to participate in the study and fill out informed consent. Brush making with a special grip design (modified brush) with Clay mixed material. The oral hygiene assessment procedure of the sample using a modified toothbrush was done in 3 stages before the brush, after brush and on the seventh day. Oral and oral hygiene was measured using the index of Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S). The oral hygiene assessment procedure was done in 3 stages before the brush, after brush and on the seventh day. To find out the difference in effectiveness before and after the intervention was analyzed using the paired t test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The highest percentage of stroke patients were female (53.3%), aged 40-60 years (66.7%) with an education level below junior high school (56.7%). There is a difference in the average OHIS score before and after using a special grip toothbrush (p<0.01). Conclusion: A special grip toothbrush that is used for Stroke sufferers can help to clean his teeth and mouth.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Oral Hygiene , Toothbrushing/methods , Efficacy/methods , Stroke/pathology , Indonesia , Oral Hygiene Index , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Home Nursing/historyABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of environmental and socioeconomic characteristics with the use of dental floss in preschool children. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 402 preschool children aged 1-5 years, from Santa Cruz do Sul, a Southern city in Brazil. Mothers answered questions about environmental, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics. Behavior variables as use of dental floss (study outcome) and dental attendance were also evaluated. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance through a hierarchical approach was used to investigate the association of explanatory variables for use of dental floss. Prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. The mean sample age was 3.32 years (standard deviation [SD] 1.10). Of the included children, 291 (73.12%) did not use dental floss. The environmental model indicated that children who attended daycare (PR 2.53; 95%CI 1.39-4.60) and those whose parents were members of volunteer networks (RP 1.58; 95%CI 1.02-2.46) were more likely to use dental floss. Children from families with higher income (PR 1.55; 95%CI 1.07-2.24) and maternal schooling (PR 2.21; 95%CI 1.31-3.74) presented a higher prevalence of dental floss use. Older children and those who attended dental services were also related to higher dental floss use. Our findings suggest that children who live in a supporting environment and those with a higher socioeconomic status are more likely to use dental floss.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Social Environment , Dental Devices, Home Care/statistics & numerical data , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Poisson Distribution , Oral Health/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Dental Devices, Home Care/economics , Mothers/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze social, economic and demographic variables associated with the use of dental floss by 35-44-year-old adults living in the district of Embu, 2008. Methods: A cross-sectional type study in which an inquiry was applied and oral conditions were examined. The sample delineation was conglomeration probabilistic in two stages of random selection (censor sectors and eligible homes). The dependent variable was the use of dental floss in daily oral hygiene practices. The independent variables were social economic and demographic conditions, access to health services, habits and presence of caries and periodontal diseases. EPIINFO 06 and STATA 10 programs were used for Poisson regression analysis with adjustment for conglomeration sample.Results: Of persons interviewed 52.1% stated that they did not use dental floss. In the multivariate model there was an association of non use of dental floss for men (PR=1,61 p=0,00), with those who declared having smoking habit (PR=1.24 p=0.04); with family income equal to or less than one minimum salary (PR=1.62 p=0.00); who had up to 8 years of schooling (PR=1.42 p=0.01); who did not receive information from the dentist about cleaning the teeth and gums (PR=1.27 p=0.02), and who presented severe periodontal diseases with clinical attachment loss >3.5mm (PR=1.05 p=0.00). Conclusion: The research showed that the lack of dental floss use is a socially related behavior. Therefore, fair social policies is needed in order to minimize social inequalities, and ensure adult oral health educational programs.
Objetivo: Analisar as variáveis sócio econômicas e demográficas associadas ao uso do fio dental em adultos de 35 a 44 anos no município de Embu, 2008. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal no qual foi aplicado um inquérito e realizado um exame das condições bucais. O delineamento da amostra foi probabilístico por conglomerado em dois estágios de sorteio (setores censitários e domicílios elegíveis). A variável dependente foi o uso do fio dental nas práticas diárias de higiene bucal. As variáveis independentes: condições sócio demográficas, sócio econômicas, acesso aos serviços, hábitos, presença de cárie dentária e doença periodontal. Empregou-se o programa EPIINFO 06 e o STATA 10, foi usado o modelo de regressão de Poisson com ajuste para amostragem complexas. Resultados: A percentagem de pessoas relatando que não utilizavam o fio dental foi de 52,1%. No modelo de análise multivariável demonstrou que houve associação para o não uso do fio dental entre os homens (RP=1,61 p=0,00), que relataram o hábito de fumar (RP=1,24 p=0,04), com renda familiar menor ou igual a um salário mínimo (RP=1,62 p=0,00), que apresentavam até 8 anos de estudo (RP=1,42 p=0,01), que não receberam informação do cirurgião-dentista sobre higiene bucal (RP=1,27 p=0,02), e apresentam perda de inserção periodontal superior a 3,5mm (RP=1,05 p=0,00). Conclusão: A pesquisa demonstrou que não usar o fio dental de maneira regular é um comportamento socialmente determinado, verifica-se a necessidade de elaboração de políticas socialmente mais justas que minimizem as iniquidades sociais, com ações de educação de saúde bucal voltadas para adultos
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Adult , Regression Analysis , Dental Devices, Home Care , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Introdução: A infância é uma fase da vida de importância primordial para o futuro da saúde bucal. O elo entre os setores da educação e da saúde pode oportunizar a incorporação de práticas educativas e preventivas em saúde bucal no cotidiano pré-escolar. A principal medida é a escovação dentária manual ? método mais acessível para a maioria da população. Objetivo: Avaliar macroscopicamente o desgaste das cerdas, a forma de acondicionamento e a identificação das escovas dentárias. Material e método: Foram avaliadas 345 escovas utilizadas por crianças de 2 a 5 anos, em quatro escolas de educação infantil, sendo duas participantes do programa de promoção de saúde bucal. Empregou-se o índice de Rawls et al. para avaliar as cerdas. Resultado: Diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p = 0,020 - teste U de Mann-Whitney) foram comprovadas entre as frequências de escovas, sendo a maior (n = 205) verificada em escola participante do programa; e, entre escovas adequadas e inadequadas (p< 0,05 - teste X2), em que 31,7 e 60% das escovas das escolas participantes e não participantes do programa, respectivamente, foram classificadas como impróprias para a escovação. Dos porta-escovas avaliados, 100% eram de uso coletivo. Quanto à identificação, 18% das escovas não estavam identificadas nas escolas participantes e 37% nas demais. Conclusão: A maioria das escovas apresentou desgastes acentuados e o acondicionamento das mesmas era inadequado; entretanto, as escolas participantes do programa apresentaram escovas com cerdas menos desgastadas. Sugere-se que haja a capacitação do educador quanto ao correto acondicionamento e à avaliação das escovas em relação ao desgaste das cerdas em todas as escolas de educação infantil.
Introduction: Early childhood is an essential phase of life for the future of oral health. The link between educational and health sectors can facilitate incorporating educational and preventive oral health practices in daily teaching in pre-schools. The main measure is manual tooth-brushing, which is the most accessible method for most of the population. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate macroscopically the wear on the bristles, form of storage, and identification of tooth brushes. Material and method: 345 toothbrushes used by children between the ages of 2 and 5 were evaluated in 4 pre-schools, by 2 participants from the oral health program. The Rawls et al. index was used to evaluate the bristles. Result: There were statistically significant differences (p = 0.020 - Mann-Whitney U test) between the frequency of toothbrushes, with the highest being (n = 205) stored at participating school; and, between adequate and inadequate brushes (p < 0.05 - X2 test) with 31.7 and 60%, respectively, classified as unfit for tooth-brushing. Of the toothbrush holders evaluated 100% were used collectively. Regarding identification, 18% of the toothbrushes were not identified in participating schools, and 37% in the others. Conclusion: The toothbrushes exhibited marked wear, and storage was inadequate; however, the schools participating in the oral health program showed toothbrushes with bristles less worn. It is suggested that training of educators regarding correct storage and evaluation of toothbrushes for wear of the bristles should be undertaken in all early childhood schools.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Oral Hygiene , Toothbrushing , Oral Health , Health Education, Dental , Statistics, Nonparametric , Dental Devices, Home Care , Dental CariesABSTRACT
Introdução e objetivo: Buscou-se conhecer os critérios adotadospor sujeitos adultos para a aquisição da escova dental e identificar ainfluência do cirurgião-dentista nessa escolha. Material e métodos:Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, feito por intermédio dolevantamento de dados primários. A população-alvo foi formada porconsumidores de um supermercado da região central de Florianópolis(SC, Brasil). Para o cálculo da amostra considerou-se uma população infinita e erro de 5%. A seleção dos sujeitos aconteceu de modoacidental. O critério de inclusão foi idade igual ou superior a 18 anos.Foi aplicado um questionário, estruturado em duas partes, comquestões fechadas e abertas. A análise estatística descritiva ocorreupor meio da distribuição de frequência relativa. Resultados: Ao todoparticiparam da pesquisa 409 sujeitos (54,65% homens) com idadede 19 a 72 anos, e a maioria era da faixa etária de 41 a 51 anos. Pelomenos uma vez ao ano 41,1% realizam consulta odontológica e 52%afirmaram trocar sua escova a cada três ou quatro meses, em funçãodo desgaste das cerdas. Um baixo percentual (25,6% homens, 25,5%mulheres) recebeu orientação do cirurgião-dentista sobre a escovadental. O critério mais adotado para a aquisição da escova é o preço(43,6%), e a participação do dentista foi citada por 10,5%, a qual foimais evidenciada por sujeitos de classe socioeconômica mais elevada.Conclusão: Para o grupo pesquisado, o critério mais adotado paraaquisição de escovas dentais é o preço, e a influência do cirurgiãodentistanesse procedimento é reduzida.
Introduction and objective: To identify the criteria adopted by adultconsumers when buying a toothbrush and to determine whetherdentists influence on this choice. Material and methods: It was atransversal descriptive study through primary data collection. Thetarget population consisted of consumers in a supermarket in thedowntown of Florianópolis (SC, Brazil). An infinite population and anerror of 5% were considered to the sample calculation. The selectionof people was random. The inclusion criterion was being above 18years old. A questionnaire structured in two parts with closed andopen questions was applied. Data was submitted to statistical analysisthrough distribution of relative frequency. Results: Altogether, 409people (54.65% male) participated in the survey, aged from 19 to 72years, and the majority (28%) aged between 41 and 51 years. 41.1% visitthe dentist at least once a year, and 52% change their toothbrushes everythree months due to the wear of the bristles. A low percentage of people(25.6% male and 25.5% female) received orientation of the dentist onthe toothbrush. The most adopted criterion for the acquisition of thetoothbrush was the price (43.6%), and the participation of the dentistwas cited by 10.5%, being more common for people of the highersocioeconomic class. Conclusion: For this group, price is the mostadopted criterion for the acquisition of toothbrushes, and the influenceof the dentist on this procedure is reduced.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the auxiliary effectiveness of dental floss or interdental brush in treating severe chronic periodontitis.Methods Thirty-five patients with severe chronic periodontitis were selected.The subjects were randomly divided into two groups.Right methods of brushing teeth,scaling,root planning and dental floss or interdental brush were performed in the experimental group,and the same therapy was used in the control group except using dental floss and interdental brush.The following indexes and measurements were compared:plaque index(PLI),probing depth(PD),bleeding index(BI) and mobility degree(MD).Results PLI,PD and BI demonstrated a significant improvement(P